Speech sound disorders in children encompasses a range of difficulties related to the production of speech sounds.
Articulation disorders occur when individual sounds are not formed correctly. Sounds are targeted to enhance clarity and to improve outcomes of reading and writing instruction.
Phonological impairment involves more numerous errors due to a limited consonant and vowel repertoire with frequent omission of sounds. Patterns of errors are targeted to improve intelligibility.
Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) is a motor speech disorder that occurs from deficits in planning and programming the movements required to make the speech sounds. Therapy improves motor skill.
A Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) occurs when there are difficulties understanding and using language for no known reason.
It may involve understanding incoming language to follow directions, comprehend questions, and attend to instruction in class. Or expressing thoughts and feelings with words and sentences that accurately convey intended meaning may be challenging.
Pragmatic language is the use of appropriate communication in social situations (knowing what to say, how to say it, and when to say it).
Therapy involves improving communication skills in everyday routines and interactions.
Reading and writing are language-based skills. Reading and writing difficulties reflect limitations in language such as weak phonological awareness skills.
Using practical, research-based strategies aligned with the science of reading, students receive instruction to improve their reading and writing skills.
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